Is the fall of Starmer a warning for the Democratic Party?

 

The political situation of the US and UK in 2026 is very different. In the UK Labour is in power and will stay there for at least another two or three years, but they are threatened by a right wing populist hydra in the form of the Conservatives under its current leader, Reform lead by Farage, the right wing press, Musk via X and hostility from the US government. In the US we have an unpopular fascist administration which is doing all the gerrymandering it can to stop the Democrats winning back the House and possibly the Senate and thereby getting a foothold of resistance to Trump.

Yet in the last few months in the UK we have seen a remarkable internal coup, where the Prime Minister has resigned and been replaced not by another senior minister but by a city mayor who had to win a by-election before he could stage a bloodless [1] takeover. Not only did the UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer lose his job, but also the Chancellor Rachel Reeves. It was both a rather unusual and also very significant event.

Now there are many reasons why MPs decided that Starmer had to be replaced, despite leading Labour to an unprecedented election victory just two years earlier. I will not go through a list of his policy mistakes because others have done this many times over. However I would argue that nothing on that list quite justifies the end result. In my view most MPs were happy to see a bloodless takeover by Andy Burnham for reasons of simple self-preservation. Although governments in mid-term often suffer in opinion polls and local elections, the scale of the deterioration in  Labour’s support under Starmer was too alarming.

Once again there are various reasons why Labour’s polling collapsed. For a start it didn’t start that strong. Labour won so many seats in parliament with an unusually low vote share because the Conservative party lost so much support to Farage and Reform on the right, and in the centre to the more socially liberal Liberal Democrats. But I think a good case can be made that the main reason Labour support collapsed so much after the election was that voters on the liberal left - normally Labour’s core support - abandoned the party to either not vote or vote for the Greens, Liberal Democrats or Scottish or Welsh nationalists.

The reason why many of Labour’s core electorate deserted the party, as I outlined many times before it happened, was that Starmer chose to adopt on social issues like immigration and asylum a pretty illiberal policy stance and rhetoric. Starmer’s own speech in May last year, which I blogged about here, was indicative of how far the government seemed prepared to go in a doomed attempt to win votes from right wing populists. It was this social rather than economic positioning that led to Starmer’s downfall. [2]

For that reason, I think it is fair to say that voters on the left in the UK were critical in bringing down Prime Minister Starmer. Labour’s popularity since Burnham’s takeover has improved significantly, in large part because a lot of those votes have come back to Labour. How permanent that return will be will depend on what Burnham does over the next year rather than what he says.

In the US there are no significant third parties like the Greens or Liberal Democrats, and any left liberal voter worth their salt right now would vote Democrat to help defeat Trump and a Republican party that seems happy to let the US be a fascist state. Instead the relevant action there is in primaries, where Democrat voters get to choose their candidate. One notable feature of some of these primaries is that candidates very much to the left of the party have been winning. Some are members of Democratic Socialists of America or DSA, whose membership has increased dramatically in the last decade.

At the moment numbers remain modest, but according to some CBS analysis candidates endorsed by either the DSA or another leftish group, Justice Democrats, have won two thirds of the House primaries in which they have competed. In addition others not formally connected to these groups, like Abdul El-Sayed in the senate race for Michigan, have won campaigning on similar left wing issues.

In many ways none of this should be surprising, and nor is it very new. Joe Biden's main challenger for the presidential nomination was Bernie Sanders. As President Biden often sought to include rather than exclude the party’s left in formulating various policies. Although US growth has been relatively strong, much of that has gone to the wealthy as the profit share has increased and the wage share fallen. (Something, incidentally, that has not happened in the UK.) Often the politics that suffers when right wing populism gains strength is the centre, as can be seen most dramatically in France. However the centre often survives because enough voters on the left believe, rightly or wrongly, that politicians from the centre are more likely to be able to stop a right wing populist victory than politicians from the left.

What Starmer’s fate shows is that there are limits to that argument. An uncharismatic leader from the centre, who attempts to defeat the right by adopting or validating the right’s own rhetoric, can alienate voters on the left sufficiently that others in the party believe that leader can no longer win, and needs to be replaced by someone who is or appears to be more left wing. The relevant comparison to Starmer's fall in the UK in the US is not the 2026 midterms, but the contest for who will run for President in 2028.

In the UK the key issue that alienated core Labour supporters from their leadership was immigration and asylum, and the rhetoric and policies the Labour government adopted on this issue. Is there an issue in the US where enough Democrat voters could become alienated from the party leadership’s position? There is plenty of choice, but one issue where Democrat voters seem seriously adrift from their leadership right now involves Israel.

In a poll in July, just over 50% of Democrat voters said they believed that Israel’s actions in Gaza amounted to genocide. A more recent poll that looked at Democrats likely to vote in the first six ballots to decide the next Democratic Presidential nominee found overwhelming majorities believing that Israel was guilty of genocide, and that therefore the US should cut off arms sales. Yet rather than bending towards this shift in opinion among its supporters, parts of the Democratic party leadership seems to be reaffirming its support for Israel’s actions. There appear to be influential Democrats who would rather see Democratic candidates on the left, or those who acknowledge Israel’s genocide, defeated even if it means a Republiucan victory. (There are UK parallels with Corbyn’s 2019 defeat to right wing populist Johnson here.) There are various reasons why a gap has opened up between Democratic voters and politicians on this issue, one of which is simply inertia.

Elections are not generally decided on foreign policy issues, but equally foreign policy does not generally include arming a country that is believed to be carrying out a genocide. This would not be the first time that foreign wars have split the Democratic party. Those in both the US and UK who believe that their supporters on the left are both an annoyance and a liability in winning elections should take note of Keir Starmer’s demise.

[1] By bloodless I mean without a contest election.

[2] The position of Starmer’s senior political advisor, before he resigned months ahead of Starmer, is often called Blue Labour, and is generally understood to combine traditional left wing Labour positions on economic issues (eg pro-worker and union, open to public ownership of key utilities) with a much more conservative position on social issues like immigration.